Place the sliced Polish kielbasa in a skillet over medium heat.
Cook for approximately 5 minutes, or until the kielbasa is heated through and lightly browned.
Remove the kielbasa from the skillet and set aside.
Place a Dutch oven or large soup pot over medium heat.
Add the chopped onion and shredded cabbage.
Cook for approximately 10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the onion and cabbage are tender.
Add the minced garlic.
Cook for 2 minutes, stirring frequently, until fragrant.
Pour the vegetable stock into the Dutch oven.
Add the cubed potatoes and browned kielbasa.
Stir to combine all ingredients.
Bring the soup to a boil.
Season with salt and black pepper.
Reduce the heat to a simmer.
Cook for 20 to 30 minutes, or until the potatoes are tender.
Taste and adjust the seasoning if necessary.
Serve warm.